Un estudio reciente, realizado por la Universidad de Newcastle en Australia, indica que los niveles más altos de ácidos grasos omega-3 en sangre pueden ayudar a reducir la obesidad. Los investigadores encontraron que los niveles de Omega-3 de aquellas personas con un peso saludable eran 15% más alto que en los considerados obesos.
Los omega-3 son ácidos grasos poliinsaturados, or PUFAs. Large amounts of Omega-6 PUFAs are known to contribute to heart disease and high triglycerides, but Omega-3s are beneficial. Of the three well known Omega-3s, EPA (Eicosapentaenoic Acid) and DHA (Docosahexaenoic acid) are known to be important for cardiovascular health, cancer avoidance, cognitive function, eye health and optimal child development. DHA is used by the brain.
The Australian researchers conducted their study using subjects of different sizes and weights, excluding those who took Omega-3 supplements. Of the 124 adults in the study, 21 had a normal BMI (body mass index), 40 were classified as overweight, y 63 were classified as obese.
After a 10 hour fast, Omega-3 levels in the blood were measured, and levels were found to have an inverse relationship to BMI. The higher the BMI, the lower the Omega-3 blood level. The obese subjects had Omega-3 levels of 4.53%, while those with normal BMI had levels averaging 5.25%. This slight difference indicated that higher levels of Omega-3s meant lower weight and smaller waists.
It is theorized that Omega-3s aid with weight management by increasing energy utilization and boosting the feeling of fullness by reducing the hormone leptin. The researchers state that their findings need to be verified by further research, and have proposed a study using Omega-3 supplementation to assist with weight loss. All obese people seem to have some degree of inflammation, and Omega-3s reduce inflammation. It is possible that reducing inflammation may make weight loss easier.
Research in recent years indicates that adequate Omega-3 intake can lower insulin resistance and prevent or reverse metabolic syndrome. Metabolic syndrome is a group of symptoms that, combined, promote the development of coronary artery disease, Tipo 2 diabetes and stroke. These symptoms include:
- High triglycerides (a type of blood fat)
- Resistencia a la insulina
- Low HDL (“good”) colesterol
- High Blood pressure
- Central (abdominal) obesity which is extra fat around the waist
Omega-3s assert their positive effects on lipid metabolism by lowering production of very low density lipoproteins (VLDL) and decreasing the production of lipids in the liver. They also cause other favorable changes in lipid metabolism. Omega-3s reduce high levels of the stress hormone cortisol. Cortisol promotes the deposition of fat around the abdomen and is a key factor in the development of metabolic syndrome. High cortisol levels are the result of constant stress.
Spanish researchers found that animals fed omega-3s deposited significantly less fat in their fat tissue and livers and produced much lower levels of inflammatory substances. This suggests that increased Omega-3 intake by obese humans may ward off fat gain and promote healthy fat and liver metabolism. A combined study from Spain, Ireland and Iceland found that higher omega-3 intakes by obese individuals on a weight-loss diet helps control appetite and satiety thus promoting weight loss and decreasing the risk of developing insulin resistance.
Spanish researchers found that animals fed omega-3s deposited significantly less fat in their fat tissue and livers and produced much lower levels of inflammatory substances. This suggests that increased Omega-3 intake by obese humans may ward off fat gain and promote healthy fat and liver metabolism. A combined study from Spain, Ireland and Iceland found that higher omega-3 intakes by obese individuals on a weight-loss diet helps control appetite and satiety thus promoting weight loss and decreasing the risk of developing insulin resistance.
Omega-3s come from plant and marine sources. Plant sources such as flax contain only ALA(short chain fatty acid) which the body must then convert to EPA and DHA (long chain fatty acids). The body is not efficient at doing this and very little is actually converted meaning huge amounts of plant based oil must be consumed. Algae contain long chain Omega-3s but they are primarily DHA.
For anyone taking flax or another ALA Omega-3 oil, it is recommended that it be combined with algae. Fish oils contain both EPA and DHA. An Omega-3 supplement like Omega 3 Plus or Omega Balance should be taken by everyone, ranking in importance with a good multivitamin and Vitamin C.
Fuentes
http://www.newsmax.com/health/omega_3s_waistline_small/2009/08/04/243648.html
http://www.cumc.columbia.edu/dept/ihn/symposia/pdf/dr_carpentier_slides_2005.pdf
http://stanford.wellsphere.com/healthy-living-article/omega-3-s-and-obesity/647172